Efficient optimization-oriented design methodology of high-order 3-D filters using 2-D and 3-D electromagnetic simulators

Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This paper proposes a computationally highly efficient interface between two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic (EM) simulators for the optimization-oriented design of high-order 3-D filters. In a first step, the novel optimization-oriented design methodology aligns the 3-D EM simulator response with the 2-D EM simulator response of a low-order 3-D filter by using an inverse linear space mapping optimization technique. Then, a second mapping performs a calibration with the optimal 2-D and 3-D design parameters obtained from the first mapping. The optimization of high-order filters is carried out using only the efficient 2-D EM simulator, and the calibration equations directly give the design parameters of the 3-D filter. The potential and the effectiveness of the proposed optimization-oriented design methodology are demonstrated through the design of C-band 3-D evanescent rectangular waveguide bandpass filters with increasing orders from three to eight.